Paramārtha - Revision history

Pablo Sender: Redirected page to Paramartha

2017-07-20T23:23:54Z

Redirected page to Paramartha

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:23, 20 July 2017
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	'''Paramārtha''' (devanāgarī: परमार्थ) is a [[Sanskrit]] term that can be translated as "the highest or whole truth, spiritual knowledge".<ref>[http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/mwquery/index.html# Paramārtha] at Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary</ref> When used along with the word "satya" it is used to refer to the absolute truth (paramārtha-satya) as opposed to the relative or empirical one (saṃvṛti-satya).		#redirect [[Paramartha]]

	~~== Blavatsky on Paramārtha ==~~

	~~In [[The Secret Doctrine (book)\|''The Secret Doctrine'']], [[H. P. Blavatsky]] writes:~~

	<blockquote>“Paramârtha” is self-consciousness in Sanskrit. Svasamvedana, or the “self-analysing reflection”—from two words, parama (above everything) and artha (comprehension).<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 48, fn.</ref></blockquote>

	This "self-consciousness" is not the normal awareness of the self that the common person has. In another passage, Blavatsky talks of paramārtha as being "true Self-Consciousness".<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 44, fn.</ref> This true self-consciousness is not associated to any sense of egotism, as can be inferred from the following definition: "Absolute Being and Consciousness which are Absolute Non-Being and Unconsciousness".<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 47.</ref>

	~~== Paramārtha-satya ==~~

	In [[Mahāyāna Buddhism]] the term paramārtha is frequently used together with the word "satya" (truth) to mean the absolute or ultimate truth (paramārtha-satya) as opposed to the relative or empirical truth (saṃvṛti-satya). This doctrine is known as the "Two Truths". They are defined as follows:

	* Relative or commonsense truth (Sanskrit samvṛtisatya, Pāli sammuti sacca, Tibetan kun-rdzob bden-pa), describes our daily experience of a concrete world. This "truth" is dualistic and regarded to be based on appearances and mistaken perceptions.

	* Ultimate truth (Sanskrit, paramārthasatya, Pāli paramattha sacca, Tibetan: don-dam bden-pa) is non-dual, and describes the ultimate reality as [[śūnyatā]] or the emptiness of concrete and inherent characteristics of objects.

	~~=== Saṁvṛiti-satya ===~~

	Connected to the concept of ''paramārtha-satya'' is that of ''saṁvṛiti-satya'', refers to the conventional, as opposed to the absolute, truth or reality. It refers to the empirical truth based on the common understanding of ordinary people, which is usually accepted in everyday life and can be admitted for practical purposes of communication.

	~~=== Mme. Blavatsky on the "Two Truths" ===~~

	~~Mme. Blavatsky explains this subject as follows:~~

	<blockquote>Satya mean[s] absolute true being, or Esse. In Tibetan Paramârthasatya is Dondampaidenpa. The opposite of this absolute reality, or actuality, is Samvritisatya—the relative truth only—“Samvriti” meaning “false conception” and being the origin of illusion, Maya; in Tibetan Kundzabchi-denpa, “illusion-creating appearance”.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 48, fn.</ref></blockquote>

	~~This word has been used both by the [[Yogācāra]] and the [[Madhyamaka]] schools. H. P. Blavatsky says:~~

	<blockquote>There is a difference in the interpretation of the meaning of “Paramârtha” between the Yogâchâryas and the Madhyamikas, neither of whom, however, explain the real and true esoteric sense of the expression.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 44, fn.</ref></blockquote>

	<blockquote>The Yogâchâryas interpret the term as that which is also dependent upon other things (paratantral); and the Madhyamikas say that Paramârtha is limited to Paranishpanna or absolute perfection; i.e., in the exposition of these “two truths” (out of four), the former believe and maintain that (on this plane, at any rate) there exists only Samvritisatya or relative truth; and the latter teach the existence of Paramârthasatya, the “absolute truth.”<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 48.</ref></blockquote>

	<blockquote>This is shown by the very wording of the Sloka, which speaks of Alaya being in Paramartha—i.e., in Absolute Non-Being and Unconsciousness, being at the same time absolute perfection or Absoluteness itself. This word, however, is the bone of contention between the Yogâchârya and the Madhyamika schools of Northern Buddhism. The scholasticism of the latter makes of Paramartha (Satya) something dependent on, and, therefore, relative to other things, thereby vitiating the whole metaphysical philosophy of the word Absoluteness. The other school very rightly denies this interpretation.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 347.</ref></blockquote>

	~~=== The "Two Truths" in Advaita Vedanta ===~~

	Advaita Vedanta, together with other spiritual traditions, makes a distinction between relative truth and absolute truth. The former referring to the relative knowledge of the normal, dualistic world and the latter to the knowledge that comes with the experience of non-duality.<ref>B. Gupta, ''Perceiving in Advaita Vedanta: Epistemological Analysis and interpretation'' (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 1995), 15.</ref>

	~~== Paramārtha-tattva ==~~

	~~==Further reading==~~
	*[http://www.theosophy.ph/encyclo/index.php?title=Param%C4%81rtha# ~~Paramārtha] at Theosopedia~~

	~~== Notes ==~~
	~~<references/>~~


	~~[[Category:Sanskrit terms\|Paramartha]]~~
	~~[[Category:Concepts in The Secret Doctrine\|Paramartha]]~~
	[[~~Category:Buddhist concepts\|~~Paramartha]]

Pablo Sender at 18:59, 4 May 2016

2016-05-04T18:59:08Z

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	[[Category:Sanskrit terms]]		[[Category:Sanskrit terms\|Paramartha]]
	[[Category:Concepts in The Secret Doctrine]]		[[Category:Concepts in The Secret Doctrine\|Paramartha]]
	[[Category:Buddhist concepts]]		[[Category:Buddhist concepts\|Paramartha]]

Pablo Sender at 18:58, 4 May 2016

2016-05-04T18:58:24Z

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	== Paramārtha-tattva ==		== Paramārtha-tattva ==

			==Further reading==
			*[http://www.theosophy.ph/encyclo/index.php?title=Param%C4%81rtha# Paramārtha] at Theosopedia

	== Notes ==		== Notes ==

	<references/>		<references/>

	~~==Further reading==~~

	*[http://www.theosophy.ph/encyclo/index.php?title=Param%C4%81rtha# Paramārtha] at Theosopedia

Pablo Sender at 23:19, 28 April 2016

2016-04-28T23:19:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:19, 28 April 2016
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	* Ultimate truth (Sanskrit, paramārthasatya, Pāli paramattha sacca, Tibetan: don-dam bden-pa) is non-dual, and describes the ultimate reality as [[śūnyatā]] or the emptiness of concrete and inherent characteristics of objects.		* Ultimate truth (Sanskrit, paramārthasatya, Pāli paramattha sacca, Tibetan: don-dam bden-pa) is non-dual, and describes the ultimate reality as [[śūnyatā]] or the emptiness of concrete and inherent characteristics of objects.

			=== Saṁvṛiti-satya ===

			Connected to the concept of ''paramārtha-satya'' is that of ''saṁvṛiti-satya'', refers to the conventional, as opposed to the absolute, truth or reality. It refers to the empirical truth based on the common understanding of ordinary people, which is usually accepted in everyday life and can be admitted for practical purposes of communication.

	=== Mme. Blavatsky on the "Two Truths" ===		=== Mme. Blavatsky on the "Two Truths" ===

Joe Hasiewicz at 21:36, 28 April 2013

2013-04-28T21:36:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:36, 28 April 2013
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	Advaita Vedanta, together with other spiritual traditions, makes a distinction between relative truth and absolute truth. The former referring to the relative knowledge of the normal, dualistic world and the latter to the knowledge that comes with the experience of non-duality.<ref>B. Gupta, ''Perceiving in Advaita Vedanta: Epistemological Analysis and interpretation'' (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 1995), 15.</ref>		Advaita Vedanta, together with other spiritual traditions, makes a distinction between relative truth and absolute truth. The former referring to the relative knowledge of the normal, dualistic world and the latter to the knowledge that comes with the experience of non-duality.<ref>B. Gupta, ''Perceiving in Advaita Vedanta: Epistemological Analysis and interpretation'' (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 1995), 15.</ref>

			== Paramārtha-tattva ==

	== Notes ==		== Notes ==

Pablo Sender at 17:34, 25 February 2013

2013-02-25T17:34:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:34, 25 February 2013
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	'''Paramārtha''' (devanāgarī: परमार्थ) is a [[Sanskrit]] term that can be translated as "the highest or whole truth , spiritual knowledge".<ref>[http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/mwquery/index.html# Paramārtha] at Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary</ref> When used along with the word "satya" it is used to refer to the absolute truth (paramārtha-satya) as opposed to the relative or empirical one (saṃvṛti-satya).		'''Paramārtha''' (devanāgarī: परमार्थ) is a [[Sanskrit]] term that can be translated as "the highest or whole truth, spiritual knowledge".<ref>[http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/mwquery/index.html# Paramārtha] at Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary</ref> When used along with the word "satya" it is used to refer to the absolute truth (paramārtha-satya) as opposed to the relative or empirical one (saṃvṛti-satya).

	== Blavatsky on Paramārtha ==		== Blavatsky on Paramārtha ==

Pablo Sender at 16:18, 26 July 2012

2012-07-26T16:18:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:18, 26 July 2012
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	'''Paramārtha''' (devanāgarī: परमार्थ) is a [[Sanskrit]] term that can be translated as "the highest or whole truth , spiritual knowledge".<ref>[http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/mwquery/index.html# Paramārtha] at Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary</ref>		'''Paramārtha''' (devanāgarī: परमार्थ) is a [[Sanskrit]] term that can be translated as "the highest or whole truth , spiritual knowledge".<ref>[http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/mwquery/index.html# Paramārtha] at Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary</ref> When used along with the word "satya" it is used to refer to the absolute truth (paramārtha-satya) as opposed to the relative or empirical one (saṃvṛti-satya).

	== Blavatsky on Paramārtha ==		== Blavatsky on Paramārtha ==
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	In [[Mahāyāna Buddhism]] the term paramārtha is frequently used together with the word "satya" (truth) to mean the absolute or ultimate truth (paramārtha-satya) as opposed to the relative or empirical truth (saṃvṛti-satya). This doctrine is known as the "Two Truths". They are defined as follows:		In [[Mahāyāna Buddhism]] the term paramārtha is frequently used together with the word "satya" (truth) to mean the absolute or ultimate truth (paramārtha-satya) as opposed to the relative or empirical truth (saṃvṛti-satya). This doctrine is known as the "Two Truths". They are defined as follows:

	* Relative or commonsense truth (Sanskrit samvṛtisatya, Pāli sammuti sacca, Tibetan kun-rdzob bden-pa), describes our daily experience of a concrete world. This is regarded to be based on appearances and mistaken perceptions.		* Relative or commonsense truth (Sanskrit samvṛtisatya, Pāli sammuti sacca, Tibetan kun-rdzob bden-pa), describes our daily experience of a concrete world. This "truth" is dualistic and regarded to be based on appearances and mistaken perceptions.

	* Ultimate truth (Sanskrit, paramārthasatya, Pāli paramattha sacca, Tibetan: don-dam bden-pa), describes the ultimate reality as [[śūnyatā]] or the emptiness of concrete and inherent characteristics of objects.		* Ultimate truth (Sanskrit, paramārthasatya, Pāli paramattha sacca, Tibetan: don-dam bden-pa) is non-dual, and describes the ultimate reality as [[śūnyatā]] or the emptiness of concrete and inherent characteristics of objects.

	=== Mme. Blavatsky on the "Two Truths" ===		=== Mme. Blavatsky on the "Two Truths" ===
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	=== The "Two Truths" in Advaita Vedanta ===		=== The "Two Truths" in Advaita Vedanta ===

			Advaita Vedanta, together with other spiritual traditions, makes a distinction between relative truth and absolute truth. The former referring to the relative knowledge of the normal, dualistic world and the latter to the knowledge that comes with the experience of non-duality.<ref>B. Gupta, ''Perceiving in Advaita Vedanta: Epistemological Analysis and interpretation'' (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, 1995), 15.</ref>

	== Notes ==		== Notes ==

Pablo Sender: /* Mme. Blavatsky on the "Two Truths" */

2012-07-26T16:02:48Z

Mme. Blavatsky on the "Two Truths"

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:02, 26 July 2012
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	<blockquote>The Yogâchâryas interpret the term as that which is also dependent upon other things (paratantral); and the Madhyamikas say that Paramârtha is limited to Paranishpanna or absolute perfection; i.e., in the exposition of these “two truths” (out of four), the former believe and maintain that (on this plane, at any rate) there exists only Samvritisatya or relative truth; and the latter teach the existence of Paramârthasatya, the “absolute truth.”<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 48.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>The Yogâchâryas interpret the term as that which is also dependent upon other things (paratantral); and the Madhyamikas say that Paramârtha is limited to Paranishpanna or absolute perfection; i.e., in the exposition of these “two truths” (out of four), the former believe and maintain that (on this plane, at any rate) there exists only Samvritisatya or relative truth; and the latter teach the existence of Paramârthasatya, the “absolute truth.”<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 48.</ref></blockquote>

			<blockquote>This is shown by the very wording of the Sloka, which speaks of Alaya being in Paramartha—i.e., in Absolute Non-Being and Unconsciousness, being at the same time absolute perfection or Absoluteness itself. This word, however, is the bone of contention between the Yogâchârya and the Madhyamika schools of Northern Buddhism. The scholasticism of the latter makes of Paramartha (Satya) something dependent on, and, therefore, relative to other things, thereby vitiating the whole metaphysical philosophy of the word Absoluteness. The other school very rightly denies this interpretation.<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''Collected Writings'' vol. X (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1988), 347.</ref></blockquote>

	=== The "Two Truths" in Advaita Vedanta ===		=== The "Two Truths" in Advaita Vedanta ===

Pablo Sender: /* In Theosophy */

2012-07-26T16:00:58Z

In Theosophy

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:00, 26 July 2012
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	'''Paramārtha''' (devanāgarī: परमार्थ) is a [[Sanskrit]] term that can be translated as "the highest or whole truth , spiritual knowledge".<ref>[http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/mwquery/index.html# Paramārtha] at Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary</ref>		'''Paramārtha''' (devanāgarī: परमार्थ) is a [[Sanskrit]] term that can be translated as "the highest or whole truth , spiritual knowledge".<ref>[http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/mwquery/index.html# Paramārtha] at Monier Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary</ref>

	== ~~In Theosophy~~ ==		== Blavatsky on Paramārtha ==

	In [[The Secret Doctrine (book)\|''The Secret Doctrine'']], [[H. P. Blavatsky]] writes:		In [[The Secret Doctrine (book)\|''The Secret Doctrine'']], [[H. P. Blavatsky]] writes:

Pablo Sender at 16:00, 26 July 2012

2012-07-26T16:00:15Z

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	<blockquote>The Yogâchâryas interpret the term as that which is also dependent upon other things (paratantral); and the Madhyamikas say that Paramârtha is limited to Paranishpanna or absolute perfection; i.e., in the exposition of these “two truths” (out of four), the former believe and maintain that (on this plane, at any rate) there exists only Samvritisatya or relative truth; and the latter teach the existence of Paramârthasatya, the “absolute truth.”<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 48.</ref></blockquote>		<blockquote>The Yogâchâryas interpret the term as that which is also dependent upon other things (paratantral); and the Madhyamikas say that Paramârtha is limited to Paranishpanna or absolute perfection; i.e., in the exposition of these “two truths” (out of four), the former believe and maintain that (on this plane, at any rate) there exists only Samvritisatya or relative truth; and the latter teach the existence of Paramârthasatya, the “absolute truth.”<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 48.</ref></blockquote>

	=== ~~the~~ "Two Truths" in Advaita Vedanta ===		=== The "Two Truths" in Advaita Vedanta ===

	== Notes ==		== Notes ==