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'''Nidāna''' (devanāgarī: निदान) is a [[Sanskrit]] and [[Pali]] word that means "cause, foundation, source or origin." In [[Buddhism]] the term is associated to the concept of dependent origination (pratītyasamutpāda) that explains the existence of objects and phenomena as being due to a chain of 12 causes/effects called "nidānas."
#redirect [[Nidana]]
 
== The Twelve Nidanas ==
 
The concatenation of twelve nidanas as described in [[Buddhism]] is as follows:
 
1- From spiritual ignorance (avidyā) arises mental formations (saṃskāra).
 
2- From mental formations arises consciousness (vijñāna).
 
3- From consciousness arises name and form (nāmarūpa).
 
4- From name and form arise the sense organs and their objects (ṣaḍāyatana).
 
5- From sense organs and their objects arise contact (sparśa).
 
6- From contact arises sensation (vedanā).
 
7- From sensation arises craving (tṛṣṇā).
 
8- From craving arises clinging (upādāna).
 
9- From clinging arises becoming (bhava).
 
10- From becoming arises birth (jāti).
 
11 & 12- From birth arise aging and dying (jarāmaraṇa).
 
In [[Stanzas of Dzyan#Stanza I|stanza I]], sloka 4 of [[The Secret Doctrine (book)|''The Secret Doctrine'']] the nidanas are called "the great causes of misery".<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 38.</ref> Mme. Blavatsky defined them as follows:
 
<blockquote>The twelve Nidanas or causes of being. Each is the effect of its antecedent cause, and a cause, in its turn, to its successor; the sum total of the Nidanas being based on the four truths, a doctrine especially characteristic of the Hînayâna System. They belong to the theory of the stream of catenated law which produces merit and demerit, and finally brings [[Karma]] into full sway. It is based upon the great truth that [[reincarnation|re-incarnation]] is to be dreaded, as existence in this world only entails upon man [[suffering]], misery and pain; [[Death]] itself being unable to deliver man from it, since death is merely the door through which he passes to another life on earth after a little rest on its threshold—[[Devachan]].<ref>Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, ''The Secret Doctrine'' vol. I, (Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House, 1993), 39.</ref></blockquote>
 
== Notes ==
<references/>
 
[[Category:Sanskrit terms]]
[[Category:Pāli terms]]
[[Category:Concepts in The Secret Doctrine]]
[[Category:Buddhist concepts]]

Latest revision as of 23:05, 13 July 2017

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