Christianity

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UNDER CONSTRUCTION
UNDER CONSTRUCTION
Christianity is the religion stemming from the teachings of Jesus in the 1st century AD. Its sacred scripture is the Bible, particularly the New Testament. Its principal tenets are that Jesus is the Son of God (the second person of the Holy Trinity), that God's love for the world is the essential component of his being, and that Jesus died to redeem humankind. Christianity was originally a movement of Jews who accepted Jesus as the messiah, but the movement quickly became predominantly Gentile. The early church was shaped by St. Paul and other Christian missionaries and theologians; it was persecuted under the Roman Empire but supported by Constantine I, the first Christian emperor. In medieval and early modern Europe, Christian thinkers such as St. Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, and Martin Luther contributed to the growth of Christian theology, and beginning in the 15th century missionaries spread the faith throughout much of the world. The major divisions of Christianity are Roman Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Protestantism. Nearly all Christian churches have an ordained clergy, members of which are typically though not universally male. Members of the clergy lead group worship services and are viewed as intermediaries between the laity and the divine in some churches. Most Christian churches administer two sacraments, baptism and the Eucharist. In the early 21st century there were more than two billion adherents of Christianity throughout the world, found on all continents.[1]

Esoteric Christianity

Philip Jenkins, the distinguished Professor of Historical Studies of Religion in the Institute for Studies of Religion wrote:

Theosophy sparked, inspired, directed, and mobilized the esoteric quest for Jesus that still flourishes today. Theosophists furnished all the essential maps and guides to anyone interested in following that path. Without acknowledging Theosophy, we can never understand the history of the popular interest in the gospels, in Gnosticism, or in alternative Christianities.[2]

Merriam-Webster defines the word esoteric as something “designed for or understood by” only the specially initiated; that is, esoteric knowledge is limited to only a few people because it is difficult to understand, and/or it is simply “of special, rare or unusual interest.” The word comes from roots meaning “within” or “into.”[3] Every religion has an esoteric side, which contains the more hidden --- and truer --- meaning behind the mainstream teachings. All of these esoteric teachings mirror each other; they contain the same themes. These are not easy to understand for many of us, especially in the 21st century, when we have largely abandoned such spiritual practices. Still, there are those of us who find these studies meaningful.

Annie Besant, the second International President of the Theosophical Society, said that esoteric Christianity is “the way of the Divine Wisdom, the true Theosophy. … It is Esoteric Christianity as truly as it is Esoteric Buddhism, and belongs equally to all religions, exclusively to none. … It does not bring the Light. It only says: ‘Behold the Light!’ ” [4]

Although scientific materialism denies it, Mrs. Besant observes “that inner impulse which exists in humanity … this yearning of the human Spirit for that which is akin to it in the universe, of the part for the whole ….” Sometimes this search seems to disappear, or it is repressed by governments or by individuals who are disconnected from their own deepest selves, but it always reappears in one form or another. Those who deny it “find the wildest superstitions succeed its denial. … [humanity] will have some answer to our questionings;” we will “take religious error rather than no religion.”[5]

It is worth noting here that --- despite centuries-old arguments, wars, and wholesale martyrdom --- there are a few ideas that all the major religions agree on. These ideas were outlined by TS President Henry Steel Olcott in an 1882 talk:[6]

1) There is a part of each human that is non-physical, often called the soul.
2) This non-physical part of us, the soul, survives the death of the physical body.
3) There is a matrix or Ground of Being, often called God, that underlies everything in the manifested world.
4) The soul is related to this Ground of Being and returns to it when the body dies.

The English philosopher Herbert Spencer (whom Colonel Olcott also cites) promoted the theory of evolution before Charles Darwin and the naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace published their views --- although Spencer (1820-1903) initially attributed evolution to inheritance rather than natural selection.[7] Spencer “achieved an influential synthesis of knowledge, advocating the preeminence of the individual over society and of science over religion.”[8] Nevertheless, he believed that religion was an inherent and indestructible element of human nature. (This, of course, led to some spirited quarreling in the public sphere.)[9]

The accretions that various religions have added to these basic themes are the stuff of all the arguments, wars, etc. However, the fact of a basic agreement regarding the existence of non-physical reality suggests an underlying truth. As Olcott notes, "The accessory superstitions which have overgrown and perverted the religious sentiment must not be confounded with the religious sentiment itself."[10]

Additional resources

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Notes

  1. ↑ Christianity at the Merriam-Webster Online
  2. ↑ Alternative Scriptures: Theosophy and the Esoteric Tradition
  3. ↑ https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/esoteric
  4. ↑ Esoteric Christianity, or The Lesser Mysteries. Annie Besant. Notes & Introduction by Richard Smoley. Wheaton, Illinois: Quest Books, 2006, p. xxv. (First edition: Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar, Madras, India, 1901)
  5. ↑ ibid., p. 4
  6. ↑ The Common Foundation of All Religions. H. S. Olcott. Adyar, Madras, India: Adyar Pamphlets No. 95, November 1918, p. 2
  7. ↑ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Herbert-Spencer
  8. ↑ ibid.
  9. ↑ See, for example, https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Popular_Science_Monthly/Volume_26/January_1885/Editor%27s_Table
  10. ↑ op. cit.
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