Francesca Arundale
Francesca Arundale was an early member of the Theosophical Society, and a close friend of H. P. Blavatsky and Annie Besant. She was also the great-aunt and adoptive mother of George S. Arundale. In her correspondence, HPB referred to her as "Fanny."
Personal life
Francesca Eliza Arundale was born on March 16, 1842 in Middlesex County. Her parents were Francis Arundale (1807-1853) and Mary Anne Pickersgill Arundale (1810-1893). They had married October 11, 1838, and had six children.[1] The father was an architect and painter.[2][3] By 1861, Mary Anne was widowed. Her father, Henry William Pickersgill (1782-1879), made a home for her and Francesca in Middlesex, London. Pickersgill was a renowned portrait painter of the Royal Academy.[4][5] Mary Anne died in Kensington, in 1893.[6]
Spiritualism and Theosophical Society involvement
Francesca Arundale and her mother Mary Anne Arundale explored the spiritualist movement for seven years in France and in England. Francesca became a member of the British National Association of Spiritualists, as she recorded in her memoirs.[7] After she read a paper on reincarnation before that group, theosophist Dr. Anna Kingsford invited her to a series of lectures at Kingsford’s home. On July 31, 1881 Miss Arundale and her mother Mary Anne Arundale joined the Theosophical Society in London, receiving diplomas signed by H. P. Blavatsky.[8] Dr. Wyld was president of the British T. S. at that time, and Francesca became secretary of the London Lodge. She was very well-regarded by the early Theosophists, and frequently entertained them at her home at 77 Elgin Crescent in London. Henry Steel Olcott wrote her warm, newsy letters addressing her as "St. Theresa" and "best of grandmothers."[9]
After Holloway arrived in London from Paris on 13 June 1884, [Mahatma] KH wanted her to work with Mohini on their book at the house of Mary Anne Arundale, who lived with her daughter, Francesca, at 77 Elgin Crescent; Blavatsky, too, stayed there when she arrived in London shortly afterwards.[10]
When the Order of the Star in the East was formed, she was one of the first members.[11]
Mahatma Letters
The Mahatmas, or Brotherhood of Adepts, were well aware of Francesca Arundale and her mother, and mentioned them in several letters. On September 8, 1882, Miss Arundale wrote a letter to Madame Blavatsky, praising The Theosophist, to which she subscribed. As the letter was being transmitted to HPB (by postal mail), Mahatma Koot Hoomi added a marginal note about Miss Arundale: "A good, earnest Theosophist a mystic whose co-operation ought to be secured thro' you." It was published as Letter 47 of the Letters from the Masters of the Wisdom, Second Series.
She was mentioned in several of The Mahatma Letters to A. P. Sinnett, such as Mahatma Letter No. 125 and Mahatma Letter No. 126. She had access to a number of Sinnett's letters and copied them out by hand, including the Maha Chohan Letter.
In 1884, Miss Arundale received a letter of her own from Mahatma Koot Hoomi. It has been published as Letter 4 in Letters from the Masters of the Wisdom, 1881-1888, later known as the First Series. See Blavatsky Archives for much more information about her life in the Theosophical Society and the letters she received.
Moving to India
In 1902 she moved to Adyar, Chennai, India, and was active in the Varanasi [formerly Benares] branch of the T. S.
Work in education
Francesca Arundale became involved in educational work in India in 1903, along with George. She served for many years as Principal of Central Hindu College Girls’ School, and also taught in the boys’ division there. She was Principal of the National Girls’ School at Mylapore, Madras. In 1922 an office was created for her as the Honorary Head of the Women’s Branch of the Education Department of the Holkar princely state. She worked there for a year, helping to establish the Lady Reading Training School for Women Teachers.[12]
Co-Freemasonry
In 1896 she became a member of the International Order of Co-Freemasonry, Le Droit Humain. She also participated when Annie Besant formed the first London Lodge of the order in 1902.
Account by Clara Codd
Clara Codd, who met her at the Benares convention in 1910, wrote,
She was a little round robin of a lady, very precise in her ways, with large spectacles and her grey hair done up on the top of her head. She always wore coats and skirts, while many of the members followed Mrs. Besant's example and donned the Indian sari. I was sitting one day with a group of the members thus attired for the most part, when Miss Arundale came along.
"Miss Arundale," impulsively ejaculated one, "why don't you wear saris like our President?"
Miss Arundale replied in her precise little voice: "Well, my dear, when I have succeeded in emulating our great President in her virtues I think it will be time for me to copy her dress."[13]
Later years and death
Miss Arundale lived to see George S. Arundale, her great-nephew and adopted son, as a leader in the Theosophical Society, but not to see him succeed Annie Besant as the third president of the Theosophical Society (Adyar) in 1934. She died at Adyar on March 23, 1924 in the presence of Annie Besant.[14][15]
Writings
Miss Arundale wrote several books and many articles. The Union Index of Theosophical Periodicals lists 48 articles by or about her. She wrote an account of her friendship with H. P. Blavatsky, My Guest, H.P. Blavatsky. It was published in 1932 at the Theosophical Publishing House in Adyar.
She also wrote:
- Education in the Light of Theosophy, Adyar, Madras, India: Vasanta Press, 1913.
- The Idea of Re-birth, with Karl Heckel, London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner, 1890.
- "Psychism and Spirituality," a series of articles in The Beacon, 1922.
- Intuitional Consciousness #69 in the Adyar Pamphlets series, published in September 1916. It is available online at Canadian Theosophical Association.
- Idea of Rebirth Including a Translation of an Essay on Re-incarnation.
- "Record of Some Phenomena Transcribed from the original in the Archives of the Society for Psychical Research." Narrative available at Blavatsky Archives, with the introduction, "A portion of this narrative was quoted in Proceedings of the S.P.R. (London), Volume III, 1885, pp. 387-388. This online edition is reprinted by permission of the Society for Psychical Research, London."
For a list of articles written by and about Miss Arundale, see Union Index of Theosophical Periodicals
Articles
- Francesca Arundale in Theosophy World.
Notes
- ↑ London, England, Church of England Marriages and Banns, 1754-1932. 1838
- ↑ London, England, Church of England Births and Baptism, 1813-1917. St. Anne Soho, Westminster, 1836-1842. Page 225, record number 241.
- ↑ "Arundale, Francis." Dictionary of National Biography, Volumes 1-22 pages 607-608.
- ↑ 1861 England Census.
- ↑ "Pickersgill, Henry William." Dictionary of National Biography Vol 22, page 1041.
- ↑ England & Wales, Civil Registration Death Index, 1837-1915. Births registered in April-May-June, 1893. Page 8.
- ↑ See her autobiography, My Guest, H. P. Blavatsky.
- ↑ Theosophical Society General Membership Register, 1875-1942 at http://tsmembers.org/. See book 1, entries 817 and 818 (website file: 1A/30).
- ↑ H. S. Olcott to Francesca Arundale, December 31, 1881. Published in "Letters of H. S. Olcott to Francesca Arundale," The Theosophist 53.12 (September, 1932), 727-735.
- ↑ David Pratt, ["Laura Holloway, Theosophy and the Mahatmas" http://davidpratt,info/holloway.htm] January, 2014.
- ↑ Joseph Ross, Krotona in the Ojai Valley Volume 4, 1923-1926 (Ojai, California: Ojai Printing and Publishing, 2009), 145.
- ↑ "Arundale, Miss Francesca E.",The International Theosophical Year Book, 1938 (Adyar, Madras, India: Theosophical Publishing House, 1938), 165.
- ↑ Clara Codd, So Rich a Life (Pretoria: Institute for Theosophical Publicity, 1956), 173.
- ↑ "Arundale, Miss Francesca E.",The International Theosophical Year Book, 1938, 46.
- ↑ Joseph Ross, Krotona in the Ojai Valley Volume 4, 1923-1926 (Ojai, California: Ojai Printing and Publishing, 2009), 145.